1978 Vol. 2, No. 6
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Abstract:
The concept of eiα（x）γs local gauge transformation is introduced in this article. The chiral gauge invariant Lagrangian is given. The relationship between chiral gauge field and strong interaction is also discussed. In a special condition, we obtain the effective Lagrangian for V-A type strong interaction.
The concept of eiα（x）γs local gauge transformation is introduced in this article. The chiral gauge invariant Lagrangian is given. The relationship between chiral gauge field and strong interaction is also discussed. In a special condition, we obtain the effective Lagrangian for V-A type strong interaction.
Abstract:
Dynamical symmetry breakings in quantum chromodynamics （QCD） are investigated by means of the renormalization-group equations and the Dyson equations. It is shown that: （1） The electromagnetic （and weak） interactions can not be neglected in studying those nonperturbative problems as dynamical symmetry breakings for type-A models in QCD. （2） When the electromagnetic interactions between stratons are taken into account in the weak coupling approximation, dynamical symmetry breakings in QCD occur for many realistic models （type-A models） with QCD asymptotically free. This conclusion may hold beyond the weak coupling approximation of the electromagnetic interactions if there can still be a self-consistent solution of Johnson-Baker-Willey in quantum electrodynamics or βe has an UV-stable fixed point. e∞≠0 （a simple zero of βe） and e∞is not too large.
Dynamical symmetry breakings in quantum chromodynamics （QCD） are investigated by means of the renormalization-group equations and the Dyson equations. It is shown that: （1） The electromagnetic （and weak） interactions can not be neglected in studying those nonperturbative problems as dynamical symmetry breakings for type-A models in QCD. （2） When the electromagnetic interactions between stratons are taken into account in the weak coupling approximation, dynamical symmetry breakings in QCD occur for many realistic models （type-A models） with QCD asymptotically free. This conclusion may hold beyond the weak coupling approximation of the electromagnetic interactions if there can still be a self-consistent solution of Johnson-Baker-Willey in quantum electrodynamics or βe has an UV-stable fixed point. e∞≠0 （a simple zero of βe） and e∞is not too large.
Abstract:
The Yang-Mills field is quantized within the canonical formalism in covariant gauges. The interaction Lagrangian of X and X', i.e. the unphysical components of Aμ, is studied. In this Lagramgian there is only one term contributing to the S matrix elements between physical states. It is the source of the breaking of the unitarity of the physical S matrix. We get the gauge compensating term by solving a simple functional differential equation. If the gauge compensating term is added to the action, the S matrix in the physical state vector space can be expressed in a form which has no couplings of physical and unphysical particles, and so the physical S matrix is gauge independent and unitary.
The Yang-Mills field is quantized within the canonical formalism in covariant gauges. The interaction Lagrangian of X and X', i.e. the unphysical components of Aμ, is studied. In this Lagramgian there is only one term contributing to the S matrix elements between physical states. It is the source of the breaking of the unitarity of the physical S matrix. We get the gauge compensating term by solving a simple functional differential equation. If the gauge compensating term is added to the action, the S matrix in the physical state vector space can be expressed in a form which has no couplings of physical and unphysical particles, and so the physical S matrix is gauge independent and unitary.
Abstract:
The decomposibility of a non-abelian gauge potential is discussed from the point of view of the Cartan geometry with zero-torson. By means of the commutation relation between the γ-matriees and the generators of the Lorentz group, we obtain the expression of gauge potential for the related "isotopic space".
The decomposibility of a non-abelian gauge potential is discussed from the point of view of the Cartan geometry with zero-torson. By means of the commutation relation between the γ-matriees and the generators of the Lorentz group, we obtain the expression of gauge potential for the related "isotopic space".
Abstract:
A general phenomenological analysis of vp、vp、ve、and ve elastic scattering is presented and the polarization effects of the targets and final recoil particles are also considered. The space-time structure of the weak neutral currents is examined systematically. Under some paticular conditions, the criteria for the existence of various couplings are given.
A general phenomenological analysis of vp、vp、ve、and ve elastic scattering is presented and the polarization effects of the targets and final recoil particles are also considered. The space-time structure of the weak neutral currents is examined systematically. Under some paticular conditions, the criteria for the existence of various couplings are given.
Abstract:
In the framework of the Glauber theory, we discuss the method to deal with the multiple scattering amplitudes while the spin-flip term is included in the NN scattering amplitude. This method enables us to estimate the influence of the general nuclear structure configurations on multiple scattering and it is useful for the investigation of nucleon-nucleus interaction.
In the framework of the Glauber theory, we discuss the method to deal with the multiple scattering amplitudes while the spin-flip term is included in the NN scattering amplitude. This method enables us to estimate the influence of the general nuclear structure configurations on multiple scattering and it is useful for the investigation of nucleon-nucleus interaction.
Abstract:
For reactions induced by light heavy ion such as 12C, at bombarding energy slightly above the coulomb barrier, using semi-classical theory, neglecting macroscopic frictional force, the reaction mechnisms are sorted by the orbital angular momentum of the entrance channel from the classical deflection functions fitting elastic scattering. Moreover, inserting a transfer probability factor representing the Q-Window effect into the semi-classical angular distribution formula of Kalinkin and Grabowski, we obtain a formula for the differential cross-section per unit energy interval. The calculated results, including the elastic scattering angular distributions, energy spectrum and angular distributions of emitted α-particles in quasi-elastic process, complete fusion cross-section, fusion-fission cross-sections and the exitation functions of evaporated neutron, agree with the experimental data on the reaction 12C+209Bi reported by our Institute.
For reactions induced by light heavy ion such as 12C, at bombarding energy slightly above the coulomb barrier, using semi-classical theory, neglecting macroscopic frictional force, the reaction mechnisms are sorted by the orbital angular momentum of the entrance channel from the classical deflection functions fitting elastic scattering. Moreover, inserting a transfer probability factor representing the Q-Window effect into the semi-classical angular distribution formula of Kalinkin and Grabowski, we obtain a formula for the differential cross-section per unit energy interval. The calculated results, including the elastic scattering angular distributions, energy spectrum and angular distributions of emitted α-particles in quasi-elastic process, complete fusion cross-section, fusion-fission cross-sections and the exitation functions of evaporated neutron, agree with the experimental data on the reaction 12C+209Bi reported by our Institute.
Abstract:
This article describes a new type of radio-frequency metal ion source, which can be operated with gases, liquids and solids. The operating temperature of the ion source may reach 1000℃. Therefore we can extract ion beams of a considerable number of the elements including metal. At present, the ion beams of Al+, Mg+, Fe+, Cr+, Zn+, In+, Ag+, Cd+, Sn+, Sm+, Hg+, S+, P+, As+, Se+, Te+, etc. have been extracted. The total beam current ranges from several hundred microamperes to the order of milliamperes. The useful fraction of ion in total beam is 70—90%. The life of the source ranges from 40 to more than 100 hours.The basic structure and operating characteristics of the source are mainly discussed in this paper.
This article describes a new type of radio-frequency metal ion source, which can be operated with gases, liquids and solids. The operating temperature of the ion source may reach 1000℃. Therefore we can extract ion beams of a considerable number of the elements including metal. At present, the ion beams of Al+, Mg+, Fe+, Cr+, Zn+, In+, Ag+, Cd+, Sn+, Sm+, Hg+, S+, P+, As+, Se+, Te+, etc. have been extracted. The total beam current ranges from several hundred microamperes to the order of milliamperes. The useful fraction of ion in total beam is 70—90%. The life of the source ranges from 40 to more than 100 hours.The basic structure and operating characteristics of the source are mainly discussed in this paper.
Abstract:
The cross section measurement for the reaction 56Fe（n, p）56Mn was made using the activation method from 12 MeV to 18 MeV. The absolute cross section was determined at 14.61±0.20 MeV, the value obtained was 108.0±2.7mb. The associated particle method was used to determine the absolute neutron flux and compared with the recoil proton telescope. The agreement between both methods appeared to be within 1—2%. The resulting 56Mn activity was measured by using a φ10×7.6cm NaI （Tl） scintillation counter. The counting efficiency of the counter was achieved by means of a standard 56Mn source calibrated by the 4πβ-γ coincidence method. The result measured was compared with existing data.
The cross section measurement for the reaction 56Fe（n, p）56Mn was made using the activation method from 12 MeV to 18 MeV. The absolute cross section was determined at 14.61±0.20 MeV, the value obtained was 108.0±2.7mb. The associated particle method was used to determine the absolute neutron flux and compared with the recoil proton telescope. The agreement between both methods appeared to be within 1—2%. The resulting 56Mn activity was measured by using a φ10×7.6cm NaI （Tl） scintillation counter. The counting efficiency of the counter was achieved by means of a standard 56Mn source calibrated by the 4πβ-γ coincidence method. The result measured was compared with existing data.
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