Chinese Physics C

Highlights

Improved constraints on Higgs boson self-couplings with quartic and cubic power dependencies of the cross section
Hai Tao Li, Zong-Guo Si, Jian Wang, Xiao Zhang, Dan Zhao

2025, 49(2): 023107. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ad9d1d

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Precise determination of the Higgs boson self-couplings is essential for understanding the mechanism underlying electroweak symmetry breaking. However, owing to the limited number of Higgs boson pair events at the LHC, only loose constraints have been established to date. Current constraints are based on the assumption that the cross section is a quadratic function of the trilinear Higgs self-coupling within the $\kappa$ framework. Incorporating higher-order quantum corrections from virtual Higgs bosons would significantly alter this functional form, introducing new quartic and cubic power dependencies on the trilinear Higgs self-coupling. To derive this new functional form, we propose a specialized renormalization procedure that tracks all Higgs self-couplings at each calculation step. Additionally, we introduce renormalization constants for coupling modifiers within the $\kappa$ framework to ensure the cancellation of all ultraviolet divergences. With new functional forms of the cross sections in both the gluon-gluon fusion and vector boson fusion channels, the upper limit of $\kappa_{\lambda_{{\rm{3H}}}}=\lambda_{{\rm{3H}}}/\lambda_{{\rm{3H}}}^{{\rm{SM}}}$ set by the ATLAS (CMS) collaboration is reduced from 6.6 (6.49) to 5.4 (5.37). However, extracting a meaningful constraint on the quartic Higgs self-coupling $\lambda_{{\rm{4H}}}$ from Higgs boson pair production data remains challenging. We also present the invariant mass distributions of the Higgs boson pair at different values of the self-couplings, which could assist in setting optimal cuts for experimental analysis.
QED effects on Kerr-Newman black hole shadows
Shao-bing Yuan, Chang-kai Luo, Ze-zhou Hu, Zhen-yu Zhang, Bin Chen

2025, 49(2): 025103. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ad9148

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By incorporating first-order QED effects, we explored the shadows of Kerr-Newman black holes with a magnetic charge through the numerical backward ray-tracing method. Our investigation encompassed both the direct influence of the electromagnetic field on light rays and the distortion of the background spacetime metric due to QED corrections. We found that the area of the shadow increases with the QED effect, mainly owing to the fact that the photons travel more slowly in the effective medium, making them more susceptible to being trapped by the black hole.
Rotational properties and blocking effects in N = 152 isotones ²⁵⁴No, ²⁵⁵Lr, and ²⁵⁶Rf
Jun Zhang, Hai-Qian Zhang, Xiao-Tao He

2025, 49(2): 024102. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ad9146

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The ground-state bands in the $ N=152 $ isotones ²⁵⁴No, ²⁵⁵Lr, and ²⁵⁶Rf are investigated using the cranked shell model (CSM), with pairing correlations treated via the particle-number-conserving (PNC) method. The experimentally kinematic moments of inertia are reproduced well by the PNC-CSM calculations, and the contributions to $ J^{(1)} $ from neutrons exhibit remarkable similarities. Compared to ²⁵⁴No, the observed identity of $ J^{(1)} $ in ²⁵⁶Rf is a result of the negligible contribution to $ J^{(1)} $ from the two additional protons partially occupying the $ \pi [514]7/2 $, $ \pi [521]1/2 $, and $ \pi [624]9/2 $ orbitals. The increase in $ J^{(1)} $ observed in the odd-A nucleus ²⁵⁵Lr, compared to those of the neighboring even-even isotones ²⁵⁴No and ²⁵⁶Rf, is attributed to the contribution of the proton $ j^{(1)}([521]1/2) $ owing to the blocking of the nucleon on the proton $ \pi [521]1/2 $ orbital. Compared to the case of the heavier isotones ²⁵⁵Lr and ²⁵⁶Rf, the different behavior of the $ B(E2) $ value above $ \hbar\omega \sim 0.20 $ MeV in ²⁵⁴No is predicted to be due to the level $ \pi [514]7/2 $ crossing $ \pi [521]1/2 $.

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Inferring a spinning black hole in an expanding universe via the S2 star around the Galactic Center
Jin-Tao Yao, Xin Li

Published: 2025-02-17, doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ad9304

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Published: 2025-02-17, doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ad9304

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An empirical formula of nuclear β-decay half-lives with the transition-strength contribution
L. Tian, W. F. Li, J. Y. Fang, Z. M. Niu

Published: 2025-02-17, doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ad9303

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Published: 2025-02-17, doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ad9303

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Precise constraint on properties of neutron stars through new universal relations and astronomical observations
Zehan Wu, Dehua Wen

Published: 2025-02-17, doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ad9301

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Published: 2025-02-17, doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ad9301

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Anisotropic flow, flow fluctuation, and flow decorrelation in relativistic heavy-ion collisions: the roles of sub-nucleon structure and shear viscosity
Jie Zhu, Xiang-Yu Wu, Guang-You Qin

2025, 49(4): 044103-044103-11. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ada7d1

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We study the transverse momentum ($p_T$) differential anisotropic flow and flow fluctuation in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$=5.02 TeV at the LHC. A (3+1)-dimensional CLVisc hydrodynamics framework with fluctuating TRENTO (or AMPT) initial conditions is utilized to simulate the space-time evolution of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) medium. The effects of shear viscosity and the sub-nucleon structure on anisotropic flow and flow fluctuation are analyzed. Our result shows that shear viscosity tends to suppress both flow coefficients (${v_2\{2}\}$, ${v_2\{4\}}$, and ${\langle v_2\rangle}$) and flow fluctuation (${\sigma_{v_2}}$) owing to its smearing effect on local density fluctuation. The flow coefficients appear to be insensitive to the sub-nucleon structure, whereas the flow fluctuation ${\sigma_{v_2}}$ tends to be suppressed by the sub-nucleon structure in central collisions but enhanced in peripheral collisions. After taking into account the sub-nucleon structure effect, our numerical result can qualitatively describe the relative flow fluctuations (${v_2\{4\}/v_2\{2\}}$, $F({v_2})$) measured by the ALICE Collaboration at the LHC. We further investigate the effects of shear viscosity, sub-nucleon structure, and initial condition model on the flow angle and flow magnitude decorrelations (${A_2^f}$, ${M_2^f}$) using the four-particle correlation method. We find that the flow decorrelation effect is typically stronger in central collisions than in peripheral collisions. The flow angle decorrelation is found to be insensitive to the shear viscosity and sub-nucleon structure, whereas the flow magnitude decorrelation shows quite different behaviors when using the TRENTO and AMPT initial condition models. Our study sheds light on the anisotropic flow, transport properties, and initial structure of the QGP created in high-energy nuclear collisions.

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Shadow and gravitational weak lensing around a quantum-corrected black hole surrounded by plasma
Mirzabek Alloqulov, Yokubjon Isaqjonov, Sanjar Shaymatov, Abdul Jawad

2025, 49(4): 045104-045104-11. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ad9f44

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In this study, we investigate the optical properties of a quantum-corrected black hole (BH) in loop quantum gravity surrounded by a plasma medium. First, we determine the photon and shadow radii resulting from quantum corrections and the plasma medium in the environment surrounding a quantum-corrected BH. Our findings indicate that the photon sphere and BH shadow radii decrease owing to the quantum correction parameter α, which acts as a repulsive gravitational charge. Further, we investigate the gravitational weak lensing by applying the general formalism used to model the deflection angle of the light traveling around the quantum-corrected BH within the plasma medium. We show, in conjunction with the fact that the combined effects of the quantum correction and non-uniform plasma frequency parameter can decrease the deflection angle, that the light traveling through the uniform plasma can be strongly deflected than the non-uniform plasma environment surrounding the quantum-corrected BH. Finally, we examine the magnification of the lensed image brightness under the effect of the quantum correction parameter α, including the uniform and non-uniform plasma effects.

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Critical collapse in asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime
Li-Jie Xin, Cheng-Gang Shao

2025, 49(4): 045103-045103-9. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ada378

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We investigate the critical collapse of spherically symmetric scalar fields in asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime, focusing on two scenarios: real and complex scalar fields with potentials. By fine-tuning the amplitude of the initial scalar field under different cosmological constants, we find a linear relationship between the critical amplitude of the first collapse and the cosmological constant in both scenarios. Furthermore, we observe that the slope of this linear relationship varies linearly with coupling strength.

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Current Issued

2025 Vol. 49, No. 2
Published: 05 February 2025

Particles And Fields
Nuclear Physics
Particle And Nuclear Astrophysics And Cosmology