Study of EAS Local Muon Density Spectrum and the Knee in the Energy Spectrum of Primary Cosmic Rays

LIU Jun; GENG Qing-Xi; YANG Hong-Tao; LIU Chang-Qin; ZHANG Pin; GAO Xiao-Yu; JING Cai-Liu; ZHA Min; JING Gui-Ru; ZHU Qing-Qi; Cheung T; Ng L

Chinese Physics C> 2003, Vol. 27> Issue(2) : 109-112

Study of EAS Local Muon Density Spectrum and the Knee in the Energy Spectrum of Primary Cosmic Rays

Cosmic Ray Research Institute of Yunnan University,Kunming 650091, China2 Institute of High Energy Physics,CAS,Beijing 100039,China3 City University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong,China4 Hong Kong Institute of Education,Hong Kong,China

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With the extensive air shower (EAS) array at Mt. Liang Wang (735 g·cm2,245°N,102.9° E,Kunming China) it is able to measure the muon density spectrum at a fixed distance from the core of EAS in the knee region. The spectra at two different fixed core distances (25m≤core distance<30m,30m≤core distance<35m) were obtained from 4.4×10⁴events collected in 1994 with criteria 5×10⁴≤size≤1.6×10⁷ and 10°≤θ<30° that show obvious kinks. Monte Carlo simulations for the EAS development and detection with same selection criteria in the array triggering and the analysis procedure have been performed in order to relate the local muon densities to primary energy. As a result,we have deduced that the average position of the knee (E_knee) is at about 1.7×10¹⁵eV and the average difference of the slopes of the primary energy spectrum before and after the knee (Δγ) is about 0.43. This work corroborates the first result (E_knee=5PeV,Δγ=0.3) reported by KASCADE. It authenticates reliably the existence of the knee at the primary energy spectrum by another composition of EAS - muon composition (more direct than electron composition). Based on the results obtained by two experiments,the difference of slopes of cosmic ray primary energy spectrum before and after the knee is close to 0.4 that is accepted widely,while the energy of the knee is different from the accepted 3PeV.

References

[1]

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LIU Jun, GENG Qing-Xi, YANG Hong-Tao, LIU Chang-Qin, ZHANG Pin, GAO Xiao-Yu, JING Cai-Liu, ZHA Min, JING Gui-Ru, ZHU Qing-Qi, Cheung T and Ng L. Study of EAS Local Muon Density Spectrum and the Knee in the Energy Spectrum of Primary Cosmic Rays[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2003, 27(2): 109-112.

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Received: 2002-04-09
Revised: 1900-01-01

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Study of EAS Local Muon Density Spectrum and the Knee in the Energy Spectrum of Primary Cosmic Rays

Corresponding author: LIU Jun,

Cosmic Ray Research Institute of Yunnan University,Kunming 650091, China2 Institute of High Energy Physics,CAS,Beijing 100039,China3 City University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong,China4 Hong Kong Institute of Education,Hong Kong,China

Received Date: 2002-04-09

Accepted Date: 1900-01-01

Available Online: 2003-02-05

Abstract: With the extensive air shower (EAS) array at Mt. Liang Wang (735 g·cm2,245°N,102.9° E,Kunming China) it is able to measure the muon density spectrum at a fixed distance from the core of EAS in the knee region. The spectra at two different fixed core distances (25m≤core distance<30m,30m≤core distance<35m) were obtained from 4.4×10⁴events collected in 1994 with criteria 5×10⁴≤size≤1.6×10⁷ and 10°≤θ<30° that show obvious kinks. Monte Carlo simulations for the EAS development and detection with same selection criteria in the array triggering and the analysis procedure have been performed in order to relate the local muon densities to primary energy. As a result,we have deduced that the average position of the knee (E_knee) is at about 1.7×10¹⁵eV and the average difference of the slopes of the primary energy spectrum before and after the knee (Δγ) is about 0.43. This work corroborates the first result (E_knee=5PeV,Δγ=0.3) reported by KASCADE. It authenticates reliably the existence of the knee at the primary energy spectrum by another composition of EAS - muon composition (more direct than electron composition). Based on the results obtained by two experiments,the difference of slopes of cosmic ray primary energy spectrum before and after the knee is close to 0.4 that is accepted widely,while the energy of the knee is different from the accepted 3PeV.

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Study of EAS Local Muon Density Spectrum and the Knee in the Energy Spectrum of Primary Cosmic Rays

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