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Chinese Physics C> 2016, Vol. 40> Issue(5) : 057005 DOI: 10.1088/1674-1137/40/5/057005

Study on transient beam loading compensation for China ADS proton linac injector Ⅱ

  • 1.

     Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

  • 2.

     Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

  • 3.

      Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

  • 4.

      Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA

  • Significant transient beam loading effects were observed during beam commissioning tests of prototype Ⅱ of the injector for the accelerator driven sub-critical(ADS) system, which took place at the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, between October and December 2014. During these tests experiments were performed with continuous wave(CW) operation of the cavities with pulsed beam current, and the system was configured to make use of a prototype digital low level radio frequency(LLRF) controller. The system was originally operated in pulsed mode with a simple proportional plus integral and deviation(PID) feedback control algorithm, which was not able to maintain the desired gradient regulation during pulsed 10 mA beam operations. A unique simple transient beam loading compensation method which made use of a combination of proportional and integral(PI) feedback and feedforward control algorithm was implemented in order to significantly reduce the beam induced transient effect in the cavity gradients. The superconducting cavity field variation was reduced to less than 1.7% after turning on this control algorithm. The design and experimental results of this system are presented in this paper.
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  • References

    [1] Z. J. Wang et al, Chinese Physics C, 36(3):256(2012)
    [2] F. Yan, et al, Chinese Physics C, 38(2):027004(2014)
    [3] Y. He et al, Progress of one of 10 MeV superconducting proton linear injectors for C-ADS, in:Proceedings of LINAC2012
    [4] X. Wu et al, End-To-End beam simulations for C-ADS Injector Ⅱ, in:Proceedings of IPAC2013
    [5] Thomas Wangler, Principles of RF Linear Accelerators, A Wiley-Interscience Publication, New York:1998, p. 295
    [6] C. Schmidt et al, Recent Developments of the European XFEL LLRF System, in:Proceedings of IPAC2013
    [7] K. Fong et al, Status of RF Control System for ISAC Ⅱ Superconducting Cavities, in:Proceedings of LINAC 2004
    [8] Y. B. Zhao et al, Chinese Physics C, 32(9):758(2008)
    [9] T. Plawski et al, LLRF system for the CEBAF separator upgrade, in:Proceedings of LINAC2014
    [10] M. Champion et al, The spallation neutron source accelerator low level RF control system, in:Proceedings of PAC2003
    [11] S. Kwon et al, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 482:12-31(2002)
    [12] X. Li et al, High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 25(10):2671(2013)(in Chinese)
    [13] M. Liepe et al, Adaptive Feed Forward for Digital RF Control System for the TESLA Test Facility, in:Proceedings of EPAC1998
    [14] L. H. Wen et al, Chinese Physics C, 37(8):087004(2013)
    [15] Merrill Skolnik, Radar Handbook, Third Edition, The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2008, Chapter 25

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Zheng Gao, Yuan He, Xian-Wu Wang, Wei Chang, Rui-Feng Zhang, Zheng-Long Zhu, Sheng-Hu Zhang, Qi Chen and Tom Powers. Study on transient beam loading compensation for China ADS proton linac injector Ⅱ[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2016, 40(5): 057005. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/40/5/057005
Zheng Gao, Yuan He, Xian-Wu Wang, Wei Chang, Rui-Feng Zhang, Zheng-Long Zhu, Sheng-Hu Zhang, Qi Chen and Tom Powers. Study on transient beam loading compensation for China ADS proton linac injector Ⅱ[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2016, 40(5): 057005.  doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/40/5/057005 shu
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Received: 2015-10-22
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    Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(91426303, 11525523)

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Study on transient beam loading compensation for China ADS proton linac injector Ⅱ

    Corresponding author: Zheng Gao,
  • 1. Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • 3.  Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • 4.  Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA
  • Received Date: 2015-10-22
  • Available Online: 2016-05-05
Fund Project:  Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(91426303, 11525523)

Abstract: Significant transient beam loading effects were observed during beam commissioning tests of prototype Ⅱ of the injector for the accelerator driven sub-critical(ADS) system, which took place at the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, between October and December 2014. During these tests experiments were performed with continuous wave(CW) operation of the cavities with pulsed beam current, and the system was configured to make use of a prototype digital low level radio frequency(LLRF) controller. The system was originally operated in pulsed mode with a simple proportional plus integral and deviation(PID) feedback control algorithm, which was not able to maintain the desired gradient regulation during pulsed 10 mA beam operations. A unique simple transient beam loading compensation method which made use of a combination of proportional and integral(PI) feedback and feedforward control algorithm was implemented in order to significantly reduce the beam induced transient effect in the cavity gradients. The superconducting cavity field variation was reduced to less than 1.7% after turning on this control algorithm. The design and experimental results of this system are presented in this paper.

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