2015 Vol. 39, No. 9
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2015, 39(9): 093001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/9/093001
Abstract:
From December 2011 to May 2014, about 5 fb-1 of data were taken with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 3.810 GeV and 4.600 GeV to study the charmonium-like states and higher excited charmonium states. The time-integrated luminosity of the collected data sample is measured to a precision of 1% by analyzing events produced by the large-angle Bhabha scattering process.
From December 2011 to May 2014, about 5 fb-1 of data were taken with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 3.810 GeV and 4.600 GeV to study the charmonium-like states and higher excited charmonium states. The time-integrated luminosity of the collected data sample is measured to a precision of 1% by analyzing events produced by the large-angle Bhabha scattering process.
2015, 39(9): 093101. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/9/093101
Abstract:
We revisit the compositeness theorem proposed by Weinberg in an effective field theory (EFT) and explore criteria which are sensitive to the structure of S-wave threshold states. On a general basis, we show that the wave function renormalization constant Z, which is the probability of finding an elementary component in the wave function of a threshold state, can be explicitly introduced in the description of the threshold state. As an application of this EFT method, we describe the near-threshold line shape of the D*0√D0 invariant mass spectrum in B→D*0√D0K and determine a nonvanishing value of Z. It suggests that the X(3872) as a candidate of the D*0√D0 molecule may still contain a small cc core. This elementary component, on the one hand, explains its production in the B meson decay via a short-distance mechanism, and on the other hand, is correlated with the D*0√D0 threshold enhancement observed in the D*0√D0 invariant mass distributions. Meanwhile, we also show that if Z is non-zero, the near-threshold enhancement of the D*0√D0 mass spectrum in the B decay will be driven by the short-distance production mechanism.
We revisit the compositeness theorem proposed by Weinberg in an effective field theory (EFT) and explore criteria which are sensitive to the structure of S-wave threshold states. On a general basis, we show that the wave function renormalization constant Z, which is the probability of finding an elementary component in the wave function of a threshold state, can be explicitly introduced in the description of the threshold state. As an application of this EFT method, we describe the near-threshold line shape of the D*0√D0 invariant mass spectrum in B→D*0√D0K and determine a nonvanishing value of Z. It suggests that the X(3872) as a candidate of the D*0√D0 molecule may still contain a small cc core. This elementary component, on the one hand, explains its production in the B meson decay via a short-distance mechanism, and on the other hand, is correlated with the D*0√D0 threshold enhancement observed in the D*0√D0 invariant mass distributions. Meanwhile, we also show that if Z is non-zero, the near-threshold enhancement of the D*0√D0 mass spectrum in the B decay will be driven by the short-distance production mechanism.
2015, 39(9): 093102. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/9/093102
Abstract:
Most of previous work on applying the conformal group to quantum fields has emphasized its invariant aspects, whereas in this paper we find that the conformal group can give us running quantum fields, with some constants, vertex and Green functions running, compatible with the scaling properties of renormalization group method (RGM). We start with the renormalization group equation (RGE), in which the differential operator happens to be a generator of the conformal group, named dilatation operator. In addition we link the operator/spatial representation and unitary/spinor representation of the conformal group by inquiring a conformal-invariant interaction vertex mimicking the similar process of Lorentz transformation applied to Dirac equation. By this kind of application, we find out that quite a few interaction vertices are separately invariant under certain transformations (generators) of the conformal group. The significance of these transformations and vertices is explained. Using a particular generator of the conformal group, we suggest a new equation analogous to RGE which may lead a system to evolve from asymptotic regime to nonperturbative regime, in contrast to the effect of the conventional RGE from nonperturbative regime to asymptotic regime.
Most of previous work on applying the conformal group to quantum fields has emphasized its invariant aspects, whereas in this paper we find that the conformal group can give us running quantum fields, with some constants, vertex and Green functions running, compatible with the scaling properties of renormalization group method (RGM). We start with the renormalization group equation (RGE), in which the differential operator happens to be a generator of the conformal group, named dilatation operator. In addition we link the operator/spatial representation and unitary/spinor representation of the conformal group by inquiring a conformal-invariant interaction vertex mimicking the similar process of Lorentz transformation applied to Dirac equation. By this kind of application, we find out that quite a few interaction vertices are separately invariant under certain transformations (generators) of the conformal group. The significance of these transformations and vertices is explained. Using a particular generator of the conformal group, we suggest a new equation analogous to RGE which may lead a system to evolve from asymptotic regime to nonperturbative regime, in contrast to the effect of the conventional RGE from nonperturbative regime to asymptotic regime.
2015, 39(9): 093103. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/9/093103
Abstract:
The contraction method in different limits to obtain 22 different realizations of kinematical algebras is applied to study the supersymmetric extension of AdS algebra and its contractions. It is shown that p2 h_, p', c2 and g' algebras, in addition to d_, p, n_, g and c algebras, have supersymmetric extension, while n-2, g2 and g2' algebras have no supersymmetric extension. The connections among the superalgebras are established.
The contraction method in different limits to obtain 22 different realizations of kinematical algebras is applied to study the supersymmetric extension of AdS algebra and its contractions. It is shown that p2 h_, p', c2 and g' algebras, in addition to d_, p, n_, g and c algebras, have supersymmetric extension, while n-2, g2 and g2' algebras have no supersymmetric extension. The connections among the superalgebras are established.
2015, 39(9): 094001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/9/094001
Abstract:
The behavior of relativistic hadron multiplicity for 4He-nucleus interactions is investigated. The experiment is carried out at 2.1 A and 3.7 A GeV (Dubna energy) to search for the incident energy effect on the interactions inside different emulsion target nuclei. Data are presented in terms of the number of emitted relativistic hadrons in both forward and backward angular zones. The dependence on the target size is presented. For this purpose the statistical events are discriminated into groups according to the interactions with H, CNO, Em, and AgBr target nuclei. The separation of events, into the mentioned groups, is executed based on Glauber's multiple scattering theory approach. Features suggestive of a decay mechanism seem to be a characteristic of the backward emission of relativistic hadrons. The results strongly support the assumption that the relativistic hadrons may already be emitted during the de-excitation of the excited target nucleus, in a behavior like that of compound-nucleus disintegration. Regarding the limiting fragmentation hypothesis beyond 1 A GeV, the target size is the main parameter affecting the backward production of the relativistic hadron. The incident energy is a principal factor responsible for the forward relativistic hadron production, implying that this system of particle production is a creation system. However, the target size is an effective parameter as well as the projectile size considering the geometrical concept regarded in the nuclear fireball model. The data are analyzed in the framework of the FRITIOF model.
The behavior of relativistic hadron multiplicity for 4He-nucleus interactions is investigated. The experiment is carried out at 2.1 A and 3.7 A GeV (Dubna energy) to search for the incident energy effect on the interactions inside different emulsion target nuclei. Data are presented in terms of the number of emitted relativistic hadrons in both forward and backward angular zones. The dependence on the target size is presented. For this purpose the statistical events are discriminated into groups according to the interactions with H, CNO, Em, and AgBr target nuclei. The separation of events, into the mentioned groups, is executed based on Glauber's multiple scattering theory approach. Features suggestive of a decay mechanism seem to be a characteristic of the backward emission of relativistic hadrons. The results strongly support the assumption that the relativistic hadrons may already be emitted during the de-excitation of the excited target nucleus, in a behavior like that of compound-nucleus disintegration. Regarding the limiting fragmentation hypothesis beyond 1 A GeV, the target size is the main parameter affecting the backward production of the relativistic hadron. The incident energy is a principal factor responsible for the forward relativistic hadron production, implying that this system of particle production is a creation system. However, the target size is an effective parameter as well as the projectile size considering the geometrical concept regarded in the nuclear fireball model. The data are analyzed in the framework of the FRITIOF model.
2015, 39(9): 094101. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/9/094101
Abstract:
Total Routhian Surface (TRS) calculations have been performed to investigate shape coexistence and evolution in neutron-deficient krypton isotopes 72,74,76Kr. The ground-state shape is found to change from oblate in 72Kr to prolate in 74,76Kr, in agreement with experimental data. Quadrupole deformations of the ground states and coexisting 02+ states as well as excitation energies of the latter are also well reproduced. While the general agreement between calculated moments of inertia and those deduced from observed spectra confirms the prolate nature of the low-lying yrast states of all three isotopes (except the ground state of 72Kr), the deviation at low spins suggests significant shape mixing. The role of triaxiality in describing shape coexistence and evolution in these nuclei is finally discussed.
Total Routhian Surface (TRS) calculations have been performed to investigate shape coexistence and evolution in neutron-deficient krypton isotopes 72,74,76Kr. The ground-state shape is found to change from oblate in 72Kr to prolate in 74,76Kr, in agreement with experimental data. Quadrupole deformations of the ground states and coexisting 02+ states as well as excitation energies of the latter are also well reproduced. While the general agreement between calculated moments of inertia and those deduced from observed spectra confirms the prolate nature of the low-lying yrast states of all three isotopes (except the ground state of 72Kr), the deviation at low spins suggests significant shape mixing. The role of triaxiality in describing shape coexistence and evolution in these nuclei is finally discussed.
2015, 39(9): 094102. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/9/094102
Abstract:
Total Routhian surface (TRS) calculations for even-even N=76 isotones with 54≤Z≤68 have been performed in three-dimensional (β2, γ, β4) deformation space. Calculated results of the equilibrium deformations are presented and compared with other theoretical predictions and available experimental data. The behavior of collective angular momentum shows the neutron rotation-alignment is preferred in the lighter N=76 isotones, while for the heavier ones the proton alignment is favored. Moreover, multi-pair nucleon alignments and their competition (e.g., in 144Er) are predicted. It is pointed out that these nuclei in the N=76 isotonic chain exhibit triaxiality or γ softness in high-spin states as well as ground states. Based on deformation-energy curves with respect to axial and non-axial quadrupole deformations, the shape instabilities are evaluated in detail and predicted, particularly in γ direction. Such instabilities are also supported by the odd- and even-spin level staggering of the observed γ bands, which is usually used to distinguish between γ-rigid and γ-soft asymmetry.
Total Routhian surface (TRS) calculations for even-even N=76 isotones with 54≤Z≤68 have been performed in three-dimensional (β2, γ, β4) deformation space. Calculated results of the equilibrium deformations are presented and compared with other theoretical predictions and available experimental data. The behavior of collective angular momentum shows the neutron rotation-alignment is preferred in the lighter N=76 isotones, while for the heavier ones the proton alignment is favored. Moreover, multi-pair nucleon alignments and their competition (e.g., in 144Er) are predicted. It is pointed out that these nuclei in the N=76 isotonic chain exhibit triaxiality or γ softness in high-spin states as well as ground states. Based on deformation-energy curves with respect to axial and non-axial quadrupole deformations, the shape instabilities are evaluated in detail and predicted, particularly in γ direction. Such instabilities are also supported by the odd- and even-spin level staggering of the observed γ bands, which is usually used to distinguish between γ-rigid and γ-soft asymmetry.
2015, 39(9): 094103. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/9/094103
Abstract:
The proton separation energy Sp of -786.07±11.49 keV has been evaluated for 69Br from a least squares fit of mass difference of analog states versus α/A1/3, where α is the average charge of the mirror nuclei and A is the mass number. The extracted Sp value is indicative of the rapid proton-capture process rp, and subsequent Type I X-ray bursts.
The proton separation energy Sp of -786.07±11.49 keV has been evaluated for 69Br from a least squares fit of mass difference of analog states versus α/A1/3, where α is the average charge of the mirror nuclei and A is the mass number. The extracted Sp value is indicative of the rapid proton-capture process rp, and subsequent Type I X-ray bursts.
2015, 39(9): 094104. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/9/094104
Abstract:
Using the mean-field approximation, we study the chiral soliton within the linear sigma model in a thermal vacuum. The chiral soliton equations with different boundary conditions are solved at finite temperatures and densities. The solitons are discussed before and after chiral restoration. We find that the system has soliton solutions even after chiral restoration, and that they are very different from those before chiral restoration, which indicates that the quarks are still bound after chiral restoration.
Using the mean-field approximation, we study the chiral soliton within the linear sigma model in a thermal vacuum. The chiral soliton equations with different boundary conditions are solved at finite temperatures and densities. The solitons are discussed before and after chiral restoration. We find that the system has soliton solutions even after chiral restoration, and that they are very different from those before chiral restoration, which indicates that the quarks are still bound after chiral restoration.
2015, 39(9): 095101. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/9/095101
Abstract:
The influence of cosmological constant-type dark energy in the early universe is investigated. This is accommodated by a new dispersion relation in de Sitter spacetime. We perform a global fit to explore the cosmological parameter space by using the CosmoMC package with the recently released Planck TT and WMAP polarization datasets. Using the results from the global fit, we compute a new CMB temperature-temperature (TT) spectrum. The obtained TT spectrum has lower power compared with that based on the ΛCDM model at large scales.
The influence of cosmological constant-type dark energy in the early universe is investigated. This is accommodated by a new dispersion relation in de Sitter spacetime. We perform a global fit to explore the cosmological parameter space by using the CosmoMC package with the recently released Planck TT and WMAP polarization datasets. Using the results from the global fit, we compute a new CMB temperature-temperature (TT) spectrum. The obtained TT spectrum has lower power compared with that based on the ΛCDM model at large scales.
2015, 39(9): 096001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/9/096001
Abstract:
The monocrystalline silicon neutron beam window is one of the key components of a neutron spectrometer. Monocrystalline silicon is brittle and its strength is generally described by a Weibull distribution due to the material inhomogeneity. The window is designed not simply according to the mean strength but also according to the survival rate. The total stress of the window is stress-linearized into a combination of membrane stress and bending stress by finite element analysis. The window is a thin circular plate, so bending deformation is the main cause of failure and tensile deformation is secondary and negligible. Based on the Weibull distribution of bending strength of monocrystalline silicon, the optimized neutron beam window is designed to be 1.5 mm thick. Its survival rate is 0.9994 and its transmittance is 0.98447, which meets both physical and mechanical requirements.
The monocrystalline silicon neutron beam window is one of the key components of a neutron spectrometer. Monocrystalline silicon is brittle and its strength is generally described by a Weibull distribution due to the material inhomogeneity. The window is designed not simply according to the mean strength but also according to the survival rate. The total stress of the window is stress-linearized into a combination of membrane stress and bending stress by finite element analysis. The window is a thin circular plate, so bending deformation is the main cause of failure and tensile deformation is secondary and negligible. Based on the Weibull distribution of bending strength of monocrystalline silicon, the optimized neutron beam window is designed to be 1.5 mm thick. Its survival rate is 0.9994 and its transmittance is 0.98447, which meets both physical and mechanical requirements.
2015, 39(9): 096002. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/9/096002
Abstract:
In this work, we study the response of a single layer Thick Gaseous Electron Multiplier (THGEM) detector to p/π+ at the E3 line of the Beijing Test Beam Facility. The THGEM detector drift gap used in this study is 4 mm, and the gain of the detector operated in Ar+3% iC4H10 is about 2000. p/π+ particles at momenta between 500 MeV/c and 1000 MeV/c are distinguished by a Time Of Flight system. Our results show that at the measured momenta, detection efficiencies for p are from 93% to 99%, and for π + in the range of 82%-88%. Meanwhile, simple Geant4 simulations also have been done, and are consistent with the amplitude spectra of the beam test results. We preliminarily study the feasibility of the THGEM detector as a sampling element for a Digital Hadronic Calorimeter (DHCAL), which may provide support for the possible application of a THGEM detector in the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) HCAL.
In this work, we study the response of a single layer Thick Gaseous Electron Multiplier (THGEM) detector to p/π+ at the E3 line of the Beijing Test Beam Facility. The THGEM detector drift gap used in this study is 4 mm, and the gain of the detector operated in Ar+3% iC4H10 is about 2000. p/π+ particles at momenta between 500 MeV/c and 1000 MeV/c are distinguished by a Time Of Flight system. Our results show that at the measured momenta, detection efficiencies for p are from 93% to 99%, and for π + in the range of 82%-88%. Meanwhile, simple Geant4 simulations also have been done, and are consistent with the amplitude spectra of the beam test results. We preliminarily study the feasibility of the THGEM detector as a sampling element for a Digital Hadronic Calorimeter (DHCAL), which may provide support for the possible application of a THGEM detector in the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) HCAL.
2015, 39(9): 096003. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/9/096003
Abstract:
Liquid scintillator (LS) will be adopted as the detector material in JUNO (Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory). The energy resolution requirement of JUNO is 3%, which has never previously been reached. To achieve this energy resolution, the light yield of liquid scintillator is an important factor. PPO (the fluor) and bis-MSB (the wavelength shifter) are the two main materials dissolved in LAB. To study the influence of these two materials on the transmission of scintillation photons in LS, 25 and 12 cm-long quartz vessels were used in a light yield experiment. LS samples with different concentration of PPO and bis-MSB were tested. At these lengths, the light yield growth is not obvious when the concentration of PPO is higher than 4 g/L. The influence from bis-MSB becomes insignificant when its concentration is higher than 8 mg/L. This result could provide some useful suggestions for the JUNO LS.
Liquid scintillator (LS) will be adopted as the detector material in JUNO (Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory). The energy resolution requirement of JUNO is 3%, which has never previously been reached. To achieve this energy resolution, the light yield of liquid scintillator is an important factor. PPO (the fluor) and bis-MSB (the wavelength shifter) are the two main materials dissolved in LAB. To study the influence of these two materials on the transmission of scintillation photons in LS, 25 and 12 cm-long quartz vessels were used in a light yield experiment. LS samples with different concentration of PPO and bis-MSB were tested. At these lengths, the light yield growth is not obvious when the concentration of PPO is higher than 4 g/L. The influence from bis-MSB becomes insignificant when its concentration is higher than 8 mg/L. This result could provide some useful suggestions for the JUNO LS.
2015, 39(9): 096004. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/9/096004
Abstract:
The high energy resolution monochromator (HRM) is widely used in inelastic scattering programs to detect phonons with energy resolution, down to the meV level. Although the large amount of heat from insertion devices can be reduced by a high heat-load monochromator, the unbalanced heat load on the inner pair of crystals in a nested HRM can affect its overall performance. Here, a theoretical analysis of the unbalanced heat load using dynamical diffraction theory and finite element analysis is presented. By utilizing the ray-tracing method, the performance of different HRM nesting configurations is simulated. It is suggested that the heat balance ratio, energy resolution, and overall spectral transmission efficiency are the figures of merit for evaluating the performance of nested HRMs. Although the present study is mainly focused on nested HRMs working at 57Fe nuclear resonant energy at 14.4 keV, it is feasible to extend this to other nested HRMs working at different energies.
The high energy resolution monochromator (HRM) is widely used in inelastic scattering programs to detect phonons with energy resolution, down to the meV level. Although the large amount of heat from insertion devices can be reduced by a high heat-load monochromator, the unbalanced heat load on the inner pair of crystals in a nested HRM can affect its overall performance. Here, a theoretical analysis of the unbalanced heat load using dynamical diffraction theory and finite element analysis is presented. By utilizing the ray-tracing method, the performance of different HRM nesting configurations is simulated. It is suggested that the heat balance ratio, energy resolution, and overall spectral transmission efficiency are the figures of merit for evaluating the performance of nested HRMs. Although the present study is mainly focused on nested HRMs working at 57Fe nuclear resonant energy at 14.4 keV, it is feasible to extend this to other nested HRMs working at different energies.
2015, 39(9): 096101. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/9/096101
Abstract:
The total dose radiation and annealing responses of the back transistor of Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) pMOSFETs have been studied by comparing them with those of the back transistor of SOI nMOSFETs fabricated on the same wafer. The transistors were irradiated by 60Co γ -rays with various doses and the front transistors were biased in a Float-State and Off-State, respectively, during irradiation. The total dose radiation responses of the back transistors were characterized by their threshold voltage shifts. The results show that the total dose radiation response of the back transistor of SOI pMOSFETs, similar to that of SOI nMOSFETs, depends greatly on their bias conditions during irradiation. However, with the Float-State bias rather than the Off-State bias, the back transistors of SOI pMOSFETs reveal a much higher sensitivity to total dose radiation, which is contrary to the behavior of SOI nMOSFETs. In addition, it is also found that the total dose radiation effect of the back transistor of SOI pMOSFETs irradiated with Off-State bias, as well as that of the SOI nMOSFETs, increases as the channel length decreases. The annealing response of the back transistors after irradiation at room temperature without bias, as characterized by their threshold voltage shifts, indicates that there is a relatively complex annealing mechanism associated with channel length, type, and bias condition during irradiation. In particular, for all of the transistors irradiated with Off-State bias, their back transistors show an abnormal annealing effect during early annealing. All of these results have been discussed and analyzed in detail by the aid of simulation.
The total dose radiation and annealing responses of the back transistor of Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) pMOSFETs have been studied by comparing them with those of the back transistor of SOI nMOSFETs fabricated on the same wafer. The transistors were irradiated by 60Co γ -rays with various doses and the front transistors were biased in a Float-State and Off-State, respectively, during irradiation. The total dose radiation responses of the back transistors were characterized by their threshold voltage shifts. The results show that the total dose radiation response of the back transistor of SOI pMOSFETs, similar to that of SOI nMOSFETs, depends greatly on their bias conditions during irradiation. However, with the Float-State bias rather than the Off-State bias, the back transistors of SOI pMOSFETs reveal a much higher sensitivity to total dose radiation, which is contrary to the behavior of SOI nMOSFETs. In addition, it is also found that the total dose radiation effect of the back transistor of SOI pMOSFETs irradiated with Off-State bias, as well as that of the SOI nMOSFETs, increases as the channel length decreases. The annealing response of the back transistors after irradiation at room temperature without bias, as characterized by their threshold voltage shifts, indicates that there is a relatively complex annealing mechanism associated with channel length, type, and bias condition during irradiation. In particular, for all of the transistors irradiated with Off-State bias, their back transistors show an abnormal annealing effect during early annealing. All of these results have been discussed and analyzed in detail by the aid of simulation.
2015, 39(9): 097001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/9/097001
Abstract:
Continuous wave (CW) high current proton linacs have wide applications as the front end of high power proton machines. The low energy part of such a linac is the most difficult and there is currently no widely accepted solution. Based on the analysis of the focusing properties of the CW low energy proton linac, a 10 MeV low energy normal conducting proton linac based on equidistant seven-gap Cross-bar H-type (CH) cavities is proposed. The linac is composed of ten 7-gap CH cavities and the transverse focusing is maintained by quadrupole doublets located between the cavities. The total length of the linac is less than 6 meters and the average acceleration gradient is about 1.2 MeV/m. The electromagnetic properties of the cavities are investigated by Microwave Studio. At the nominal acceleration gradient the maximum surface electric field in the cavities is less than 1.3 times the Kilpatrick limit, and the Ohmic loss of each cavity is less than 35 kW. Multi-particle beam dynamics simulations are performed with Tracewin code, and the results show that the beam dynamics of the linac are quite stable, the linac has the capability to accelerate up to 30 mA beam with acceptable dynamics behavior.
Continuous wave (CW) high current proton linacs have wide applications as the front end of high power proton machines. The low energy part of such a linac is the most difficult and there is currently no widely accepted solution. Based on the analysis of the focusing properties of the CW low energy proton linac, a 10 MeV low energy normal conducting proton linac based on equidistant seven-gap Cross-bar H-type (CH) cavities is proposed. The linac is composed of ten 7-gap CH cavities and the transverse focusing is maintained by quadrupole doublets located between the cavities. The total length of the linac is less than 6 meters and the average acceleration gradient is about 1.2 MeV/m. The electromagnetic properties of the cavities are investigated by Microwave Studio. At the nominal acceleration gradient the maximum surface electric field in the cavities is less than 1.3 times the Kilpatrick limit, and the Ohmic loss of each cavity is less than 35 kW. Multi-particle beam dynamics simulations are performed with Tracewin code, and the results show that the beam dynamics of the linac are quite stable, the linac has the capability to accelerate up to 30 mA beam with acceptable dynamics behavior.
2015, 39(9): 097002. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/9/097002
Abstract:
The ADS accelerator in China is a Continuous-Wave (CW) proton linac with 1.5 GeV beam energy, 10 mA beam current, and 15 MW beam power. To meet the extremely low beam loss rate and high reliability requirements, it is very important to study the beam halo caused by beam mismatch, which is one major sources of beam loss. To avoid envelope instability, the phase advances per period are all smaller than 90 degrees in the main linac design. In this paper, simulation results of the emittance growth and the envelope oscillations caused by mismatch in the main linac section are presented. To meet the emittance growth requirement, the transverse and longitudinal mismatch factors should be smaller than 0.4 and 0.3, respectively.
The ADS accelerator in China is a Continuous-Wave (CW) proton linac with 1.5 GeV beam energy, 10 mA beam current, and 15 MW beam power. To meet the extremely low beam loss rate and high reliability requirements, it is very important to study the beam halo caused by beam mismatch, which is one major sources of beam loss. To avoid envelope instability, the phase advances per period are all smaller than 90 degrees in the main linac design. In this paper, simulation results of the emittance growth and the envelope oscillations caused by mismatch in the main linac section are presented. To meet the emittance growth requirement, the transverse and longitudinal mismatch factors should be smaller than 0.4 and 0.3, respectively.
2015, 39(9): 097003. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/39/9/097003
Abstract:
The injection performance of the storage ring is one of the most important factors to consider at a synchrotron radiation facility, especially in the top-up mode. To evaluate the injection performance of the storage ring at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, we have built a bunch-by-bunch position measuring system based on an oscilloscope Input/Output Controller. Accurate assessment of energy mismatching, distribution of residual oscillation, and angle error of injection kickers can be achieved by this system.
The injection performance of the storage ring is one of the most important factors to consider at a synchrotron radiation facility, especially in the top-up mode. To evaluate the injection performance of the storage ring at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, we have built a bunch-by-bunch position measuring system based on an oscilloscope Input/Output Controller. Accurate assessment of energy mismatching, distribution of residual oscillation, and angle error of injection kickers can be achieved by this system.
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