2012 Vol. 36, No. 3

Particle and field theory
Proton sea quark flavour asymmetry and Roper resonance
ZHANG Yong-Jun, ZHANG Bin
2012, 36(3): 189-193. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/3/001
Abstract:
We study the proton and the Roper resonance together with the meson cloud model, by constructing a Hamiltonian matrix and solving the eigenvalue equation. The proton sea quark flavour asymmetry and some properties of the Roper resonance are thus reproduced in one scheme.
A note on the B*B, B*B*, D*D, D*D* molecular states
SUN Zhi-Feng, LUO Zhi-Gang, HE Jun, LIU Xiang, ZHU Shi-Lin
2012, 36(3): 194-204. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/3/002
Abstract:
In the framework of the one-boson-exchange model, we have performed an extensive study of the possible B*B, B*B*, D*D, D*D* molecular states with various quantum numbers after considering the S-wave and D-wave mixing. We also discuss the possible experimental research of these interesting states.
Nuclear and ion Physics
Simulation of 12C+12C elastic scattering at high energy by using the Monte Carlo method
GUO Chen-Lei, ZHANG Gao-Long, LE Xiao-Yun
2012, 36(3): 205-209. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/3/003
Abstract:
The Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the 12C+12C reaction process. Taking into account the size of the incident 12C beam spot and the thickness of the 12C target, the distributions of scattered 12C on the MWPC and the CsI detectors at a detective distance have been simulated. In order to separate elastic scattering from the inelastic scattering with 4.4 MeV excited energy, we set several variables: the kinetic energy of incident 12C, the thickness of the 12C target, the ratio of the excited state, the wire spacing of the MWPC, the energy resolution of the CsI detector and the time resolution of the plastic scintillator. From the simulation results, the preliminary establishment of the experiment system can be determined to be that the beam size of the incident 12C is φ 5 mm, the incident kinetic energy is 200-400 A MeV, the target thickness is 2 mm, the ratio of the excited state is 20%, the ight distance of scattered 12C is 3 m, the energy resolution of the CsI detectors is 1%, the time resolution of the plastic scintillator is 0.5%, and the size of the CsI detectors is 7 cm×7 cm, and we need at least 16 CsI detectors to cover a 0° to 5° angular distribution.
Systematical law of (n, γ) reaction cross sections of even-even nuclei
ZHANG Xiao-Ping, LI Guang-Wu, REN Zhong-Zhou, ZHENG Qiang, ZHU Xiang-Lei, CHENG Jian-Ping
2012, 36(3): 210-215. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/3/004
Abstract:
We have derived a formula for the neutron radiative capture cross section in the framework of a statistical model approach to nuclear reactions. Based on this formula, new systematics are established between the (n, γ) reaction cross section and the energy level density of a compound nucleus or a relative neutron excess of an even-even target nucleus for neutron incident energy above the resonance region to MeV. Good agreement with experimental data suggests that this new systematical law is helpful to analyze the experimental data.
Interferometry imaging for the evolving source in heavy ion collisions at HIRFL-CSR energy
YIN Hong-Jie, ZHANG Wei-Ning
2012, 36(3): 216-221. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/3/005
Abstract:
Imaging analysis of two-pion interferometry is performed for an evolving particle-emitting source in heavy ion collisions at HIRFL-CSR energy. The source evolution is described by the relativistic hydrodynamics in (2+1) dimensions. The model-independent characteristic quantities of the source are investigated and compared with the interferometry results obtained by the usual Gaussian formula fit. It is found that the first- order source function moments can describe the source sizes. The ratio of the normalized standard deviation σ to the first-order moment R, σ/R, is sensitive to the shape of the source function.
Detection Technology and Methods
Fast calibration methods using cosmic rays for a neutron detection array
YANG Zai-Hong, YE Yan-Lin, XIAO Jun, YOU Hai-Bo, LIU HONG-Na, SUN Ye-Lei, WANG Zi-Heng, CHEN Jie
2012, 36(3): 222-227. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/3/006
Abstract:
An overall irradiation and calibration technique was introduced and applied to a test scintillation detector array. An integral conversion method was used to reduce the nonlinearity of the time difference spectrum, and to improve the position determination especially for positions close to the two ends of a long scintillation bar. An overall position resolution of about 3.0 cm (FWHM) was extracted from the residual analysis method and verified by a direct measurement. Energy calibration was also realized by selecting cosmic rays at different incident angles. The bulk light attenuation lengths for the four test bars were also determined. It is demonstrated that these methods are especially efficient for calibrating large and complex detector arrays.
Study of measuring methods on spatial resolution of a GEM imaging detector
FAN Rui-Rui, CHEN Yuan-Bo, OUYANG Qun, LIU Rong-Guang, LIU Peng, QI Hui-Rong, ZHANG Jian, ZHAO Ping-Ping, ZHAO Dong-Xu, ZHAO Yu-Bin, ZHANG Hong-Yu, SHENG Hua-Yi, DONG Li-Yuan
2012, 36(3): 228-234. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/3/007
Abstract:
In this paper, the limitations of the common method measuring intrinsic spatial resolution of the GEM imaging detector are presented. Through theoretical analysis and experimental verification, we have improved the common method to avoid these limitations. Using these improved methods, a more precise measurement of intrinsic spatial resolutions are obtained.
Suppressing ringing caused by large photomultiplier tube signals
JIANG Wen-Qi, GU Shu-Di, John Joseph, LIU Da-Wei, Biu Luk, Herbert Steiner, WANG Zheng, WU Qun
2012, 36(3): 235-240. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/3/008
Abstract:
We describe here the characteristic features of the ringing we observed following large PMT signals in the Daya Bay reactor antineutrino experiment. We conclude that the ceramic capacitors used in the circuitry of the PMT bases and the HV-signal decouplers are the primary cause for this ringing. We present some possible schemes to reduce the ringing when replacing these ceramic capacitors is not feasible.
Accelerator
The test pulse line ion accelerator in Lanzhou
SHEN Xiao-Kang, CAO Shu-Chun, ZHANG Zi-Min, ZHAO Hong-Wei, ZHAO Quan-Tang, LIU Ming, JING Yi, LI Zhong-Ping, WAN Ming, WANG Bin, YANG Chun-Ming, XIAO Rong-Qing, ZHANG Ying-Fa, LI Ji-An
2012, 36(3): 241-246. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/3/009
Abstract:
To accelerate intense, short pulsed heavy ion beams to the energies of interest for studies of high energy density physics and warm dense matter, the Pulse Line Ion Accelerator (PLIA), of which the axial acceleration gradient can achieve several MeV per meter with realistic helix parameters at very low cost, was developed in recent years. A simple prototype of PLIA for a proof-of-principle experiment called the Lanzhou Test PLIA was designed and constructed at the Institute of Modern Physics in Lanzhou, and the test result matches the calculated result well. The pattern of the axial electric field Ez and the velocity of the traveling wave were simulated by CST.
A design study of a magnifying magnetic lens for proton radiography
YANG Guo-Jun, ZHANG Zhuo, WEI Tao, HE Xiao-Zhong, LONG Ji-Dong, SHI Jin-Shui, ZHANG Kai-Zhi
2012, 36(3): 247-250. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/3/010
Abstract:
Magnifying magnetic lenses can be used in high-energy proton microscopes. The -I lens suggested by Zumbro is analyzed in this paper, and a new type of magnetic lens called a lengthened lens is introduced. Theoretical analysis shows that the lengthened lens can form a magnifying lens, and at the same time the main advantages of a Zumbro lens are inherited. Using the My-BOC beam dynamics code, an example of the design is shown. The results show that the method of designing magnifying magnetic lenses is effective.
SIMION simulation of a slow pulsed positron beam
XU Hong-Xia, LIU Jian-Dang, GAO Chuan-Bo, WENG Hui-Min, YE Bang-Jiao
2012, 36(3): 251-255. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/3/011
Abstract:
A new slow pulsed positron beam, including a positron source, a moderator, a chopper, a pre-buncher, a main-buncher and a sample chamber, etc, has been installed and tested. It is necessary to simulate the acceleration, transportation and space focusing of positrons to meet the needs of beam debugging and further positron annihilation experiments. The result from SIMION simulations shows that the radius of the focused positron beam is less than 5 mm, which is further confirmed in our practical debugging process.
The design simulation of the superconducting section in the ADS injector Ⅱ
WANG Zhi-Jun, HE Yuan, LIU Yong, YUE Wei-Ming, YANG Xiao-Liang, WU Wei, LI Chao, XIAO Chen, JIA Huan
2012, 36(3): 256-260. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/3/012
Abstract:
The high-current superconducting proton linac is being studied for the accelerator-driven system (ADS) project undertaken by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The injector Ⅱ will be operated at 162.5 MHz, and the proton out from the RFQ with an energy of 2.5 MeV will be accelerated to 10 MeV by two cryo-modules, which are composed of eight superconducting half wave resonance cavities and nine solenoids. In this paper, the design and beam simulation of the superconducting section of the injector Ⅱ, the acceptance calculation and a stability analysis are presented.
A digital low-level radio-frequency system R&D for a 1.3 GHz nine-cell cavity
QIU Feng, GAO Jie, LIN Hai-Ying, LIU Rong, MA Xin-Peng, SHA Peng, SUN Yi, WANG Guang-Wei, WANG Qun-Yao, XU Bo
2012, 36(3): 261-266. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/3/013
Abstract:
To test and verify the performance of the digital low-level radio-frequency (LLRF) and tuner system designed by the IHEP RF group, an experimental platform with a retired KEK 1.3 GHz nine-cell cavity is set up. A radio-frequency (RF) field is established successfully in the cavity and the frequency of the cavity is locked by the tuner in ±0.5° (about ±1.2 kHz) at room temperature. The digital LLRF system performs well in a five-hour experiment, and the results show that the system achieves field stability at amplitude <0.1% (peak to peak) and phase <0.1° (peak to peak). This index satisfies the requirements of the International Linear Collider (ILC), and this paper describes this closed-loop experiment of the LLRF system.
Synchrotron radiation,applications of nuclear techniquees,etc
Optimization of the in-line X-ray phase-contrast imaging setup considering edge-contrast enhancement and spatial resolution
JIA Quan-Jie, CHEN Yu, LI Gang, JIANG Xiao-Ming
2012, 36(3): 267-274. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/3/014
Abstract:
Employing the approximation theory based on refraction and the definition of the total point-spread-function of the imaging system, the variation in the edge contrast of simple model samples is discussed with different source-to-sample and sample-to-detector distances, which actually means different spatial resolutions of the imaging system. The experiments were carried out with the Beamline 4W1A imaging setup at the Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility for simple model and insect samples. The results show that to obtain clear phase-contrast images of biologic tissues for the X-ray in-line imaging setup, with determined parameters such as the size of the X-ray source, the pixel size of the detector and the fixed source-to-sample distance, there is a range of optimized sample-to-detector distances. The analysis method discussed in this article can be helpful in optimizing the setup of X-ray in-line phase-contrast imaging.
The high-energy multi-group HEST1.0 library based on ENDF/B-Ⅶ.0: development, verification and preliminary application
WU Jun, CHEN Yi-Xue, WANG Wei-Jin, YIN Wen, LIANG Tian-Jiao, JIA Xue-Jun
2012, 36(3): 275-280. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/3/015
Abstract:
ENDF/B-Ⅶ.0, which was released by the USA Cross Section Evaluation Working Group (CSEWG) in December 2006, was demonstrated to perform much better than previous ENDF evaluations over a broad range of benchmark experiments. A high-energy (up to 150 MeV) multi-group library set named HEST1.0 with 253-neutron and 48-photon groups has been developed based on ENDF/B-Ⅶ.0 using the NJOY code. This paper provides a summary of the procedure to produce the library set and a detailed description of the verification of the multi-group library set by several shielding benchmark devices, in particular for high-energy neutron data. In addition, the first application of HEST1.0 to the shielding design of the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is demonstrated.