QUANTIZATION OF THE PHOTON FIELD AND DIPOLE GHOSTS

Wu Jing-yuan

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《中国物理C》（英文）编辑部

2024年10月30日

Chinese Physics C> 1980, Vol. 4> Issue(3) : 291-301

QUANTIZATION OF THE PHOTON FIELD AND DIPOLE GHOSTS

Wu Jing-yuan

Institute of High Energy Physics,Academia Sinica

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Abstract：
We discuss the quantization of a massless vector field using the Lagrange mul-tiplier method. The exact solution of the field equations in three dimensional mo-mentum space is given and the existence of dipole ghosts explicitly demonstrated.One of the ghosts is not an eigenstate of the Hamiltonian and can be eliminated byboundary conditions. If the vector field is coupled to conserved currents, the otherghost has no observable effects. So this field theory describes the photon. This pro-blem has been studied by Nakanishi, but his analysis is obscure. The extension ofthis method to spin 3/2 massless field is discussed.

References

[1]

N. Nakanishi, Phys. Rev., D5(1972), 1324.[2] N. Nakanishi, Progr. Theor. Phys., 35(1966),1111.[3] N. Nakanishi, Progr. Theor, Phys., 38(1967),881.[4] W. Heisenberg, Nucl. Phys., 4(1957), 532.[5] T. D. Lee and C. N. Yank Phys. Rev 128(1962), 885.[6] S. N. Gupta, Proc. Phys. Sec. (London), A63(1950), 681;A64(1951), 850; K. Bleuler, Helv. Phys, Acta., 23(1950), 567; K. Bleuler, and W. Heither, Progr. Theor. Phys., 5(1950),600.[7] K. B. Joseph and M. Sabir, Journal of Phys., .A10(1977), 1225.

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Wu Jing-yuan. QUANTIZATION OF THE PHOTON FIELD AND DIPOLE GHOSTS[J]. Chinese Physics C, 1980, 4(3): 291-301.

Wu Jing-yuan. QUANTIZATION OF THE PHOTON FIELD AND DIPOLE GHOSTS[J]. Chinese Physics C, 1980, 4(3): 291-301. shu

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Received: 1978-12-13
Revised: 1900-01-01

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

QUANTIZATION OF THE PHOTON FIELD AND DIPOLE GHOSTS

Wu Jing-yuan

Institute of High Energy Physics,Academia Sinica

Received Date: 1978-12-13
Accepted Date: 1900-01-01
Available Online: 1980-06-05

Abstract: We discuss the quantization of a massless vector field using the Lagrange mul-tiplier method. The exact solution of the field equations in three dimensional mo-mentum space is given and the existence of dipole ghosts explicitly demonstrated.One of the ghosts is not an eigenstate of the Hamiltonian and can be eliminated byboundary conditions. If the vector field is coupled to conserved currents, the otherghost has no observable effects. So this field theory describes the photon. This pro-blem has been studied by Nakanishi, but his analysis is obscure. The extension ofthis method to spin 3/2 massless field is discussed.