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Chinese Physics C> 2014, Vol. 38> Issue(4) : 045001 DOI: 10.1088/1674-1137/38/4/045001

Energy spectrum of cosmic protons and helium nuclei by ahybrid measurement at 4300 m a.s.l.

  • The energy spectrum of cosmic Hydrogen and Helium nuclei has been measured below the so-called "knee" by using a hybrid experiment with a wide field-of-view Cherenkov telescope and the Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) array of the ARGO-YBJ experiment at 4300 m above sea level. The Hydrogen and Helium nuclei have been well separated from other cosmic ray components by using a multi-parameter technique. A highly uniform energy resolution of about 25% is achieved throughout the whole energy range (100-700 TeV). The observed energy spectrum is compatible with a single power law with index γ=-2.63±0.06.

  • References

    [1] Hrandel J R. Astroparticle Physics, 2003, 19: 193[2] Yoon Y S et al. Astrophys. J., 2011, 728: 122[3] Aielli G et al. Nucl. Phys. B (Proc. Suppl.), 2007, 166: 96[4] Bacci C et al. Nucl. Phys. B (Proc. Suppl.), 1999, 78: 38[5] Bacci C et al. Astropart. Phys., 2002, 17: 151[6] Bartoli B et al. Physical Review D, 2012, 85: 092005[7] ZHANG S S et al. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, 2011, 629: 57[8] CAO Zhen et al. Chinese Physics C (HEP NP), 2010, 34: 249[9] HE Hui-Hai et al. LHAASO Project: Detector Design and Prototype, 31st ICRC, LODZ. 2009[10] Bacci C et al. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, 2000, 443: 342[11] Aielli G et al. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, 2006, 562: 92[12] Aielli G et al. Astropart. Phys., 2009, 30: 287[13] Aielli G et al. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, 2009, 608: 246[14] Saggese L et al. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, 2004, 533: 55[15] Iacovacci M et al. Nucl. Phys. B, 2004, 136: 376[16] Iacovacci M et al. The Analog Detector of the ARGO-YBJ Experiment. 33rd ICRC, Rio De Janeiro. 2013[17] MA Xin-Hua et al. Study on Inconsistency of Bigpads in the ARGO-YBJ experiment with Iso-gradient Method. 32nd ICRC, Beijing 1, 90. 2011[18] Aielli G et al. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, 2012, 661: 56[19] MA L L et al. The Monitoring of Weather and Atmospheric Condition of LHAASO Site. 32nd ICRC, Beijing 11, 268. 2011[20] Thompson G L et al. Catalog of Steller Ultraviolet Flux, The Science Research Council. 1978[21] Sciascio G D et al. Measurement of the Angular Resolution of the ARGO-YBJ Detector. 30st ICRC, Mexico. 2007[22] Heck D, Knapp J, Capdevielle J, Schatz G, Thouw T. Report No. FZKA 6019, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe-Wissenhaltliche Berichte. 1998[23] Kalmykov N N, Ostapchenko S S. Phys. At. Nucl., 1993, 56: 346[24] Fesefeldt H. Report No. PITHA 85-02, RWTH Aachen. 1985[25] GUO Yi-Qing et al. Chinese Physics C (HEP NP), 2010, 34: 555[26] LIU J L et al. J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., 2009, 36: 075201[27] Hillas A M. 19th ICRC, volume 3, page 445, La Jolla, 1985[28] Amenomori M. Physical Review D, 2000, 62: 072007[29] D' Agostini G. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, 1995, 362: 487[30] Antoni T et al. Astroparticle Physics, 2005, 24: 1[31] Ahn H S et al. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, 2007, 579: 1034[32] Yoon Y S et al. Calibration of the CREAM-I calorimeter, 30st ICRC, Mexico. 2007[33] Amenomori M. Physical Review D, 2000, 62: 112002

  • References

    [1] Hrandel J R. Astroparticle Physics, 2003, 19: 193[2] Yoon Y S et al. Astrophys. J., 2011, 728: 122[3] Aielli G et al. Nucl. Phys. B (Proc. Suppl.), 2007, 166: 96[4] Bacci C et al. Nucl. Phys. B (Proc. Suppl.), 1999, 78: 38[5] Bacci C et al. Astropart. Phys., 2002, 17: 151[6] Bartoli B et al. Physical Review D, 2012, 85: 092005[7] ZHANG S S et al. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, 2011, 629: 57[8] CAO Zhen et al. Chinese Physics C (HEP NP), 2010, 34: 249[9] HE Hui-Hai et al. LHAASO Project: Detector Design and Prototype, 31st ICRC, LODZ. 2009[10] Bacci C et al. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, 2000, 443: 342[11] Aielli G et al. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, 2006, 562: 92[12] Aielli G et al. Astropart. Phys., 2009, 30: 287[13] Aielli G et al. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, 2009, 608: 246[14] Saggese L et al. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, 2004, 533: 55[15] Iacovacci M et al. Nucl. Phys. B, 2004, 136: 376[16] Iacovacci M et al. The Analog Detector of the ARGO-YBJ Experiment. 33rd ICRC, Rio De Janeiro. 2013[17] MA Xin-Hua et al. Study on Inconsistency of Bigpads in the ARGO-YBJ experiment with Iso-gradient Method. 32nd ICRC, Beijing 1, 90. 2011[18] Aielli G et al. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, 2012, 661: 56[19] MA L L et al. The Monitoring of Weather and Atmospheric Condition of LHAASO Site. 32nd ICRC, Beijing 11, 268. 2011[20] Thompson G L et al. Catalog of Steller Ultraviolet Flux, The Science Research Council. 1978[21] Sciascio G D et al. Measurement of the Angular Resolution of the ARGO-YBJ Detector. 30st ICRC, Mexico. 2007[22] Heck D, Knapp J, Capdevielle J, Schatz G, Thouw T. Report No. FZKA 6019, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe-Wissenhaltliche Berichte. 1998[23] Kalmykov N N, Ostapchenko S S. Phys. At. Nucl., 1993, 56: 346[24] Fesefeldt H. Report No. PITHA 85-02, RWTH Aachen. 1985[25] GUO Yi-Qing et al. Chinese Physics C (HEP NP), 2010, 34: 555[26] LIU J L et al. J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., 2009, 36: 075201[27] Hillas A M. 19th ICRC, volume 3, page 445, La Jolla, 1985[28] Amenomori M. Physical Review D, 2000, 62: 072007[29] D' Agostini G. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, 1995, 362: 487[30] Antoni T et al. Astroparticle Physics, 2005, 24: 1[31] Ahn H S et al. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, 2007, 579: 1034[32] Yoon Y S et al. Calibration of the CREAM-I calorimeter, 30st ICRC, Mexico. 2007[33] Amenomori M. Physical Review D, 2000, 62: 112002

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B. Bartoli, P. Bernardini and X. J. Bi et al. Energy spectrum of cosmic protons and helium nuclei by ahybrid measurement at 4300 m a.s.l.[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2014, 38(4): 045001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/38/4/045001
B. Bartoli, P. Bernardini and X. J. Bi et al. Energy spectrum of cosmic protons and helium nuclei by ahybrid measurement at 4300 m a.s.l.[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2014, 38(4): 045001.  doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/38/4/045001 shu
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Received: 2014-01-29
Revised: 1900-01-01
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Energy spectrum of cosmic protons and helium nuclei by ahybrid measurement at 4300 m a.s.l.

  • Received Date: 2014-01-29
  • Accepted Date: 1900-01-01
  • Available Online: 2014-04-05

Abstract: The energy spectrum of cosmic Hydrogen and Helium nuclei has been measured below the so-called "knee" by using a hybrid experiment with a wide field-of-view Cherenkov telescope and the Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) array of the ARGO-YBJ experiment at 4300 m above sea level. The Hydrogen and Helium nuclei have been well separated from other cosmic ray components by using a multi-parameter technique. A highly uniform energy resolution of about 25% is achieved throughout the whole energy range (100-700 TeV). The observed energy spectrum is compatible with a single power law with index γ=-2.63±0.06.

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