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《中国物理C》(英文)编辑部
2024年10月30日

System size dependence in backward relativistic hadron production in pA and AA collisions

  • In this comprehensive study the multiplicity characteristics of the backward emitted relativistic hadron (shower particle) through hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus are overviewed in three dimensions. These dimensions are the projectile size, target size, and energy. To confirm the universality in this production system, wide ranges of system size and energy (Elab~ 2.1 A up to 200 A GeV) are used. The multiplicity characteristics of this hadron imply a limiting behavior with respect to the projectile size and energy. The target size is the main effective parameter in this production system. The exponential decay shapes is a characteristic feature of the backward shower particle multiplicity distributions. The decay constant changes with the target size to be nearly 2.02, 1.41, and 1.12 for the interactions with CNO, Em, and AgBr nuclei, respectively, irrespective of the projectile size and energy. While the backward production probability and average multiplicity are constants at different projectile sizes and energies, they can be correlated with the target size in power law relations.
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  • [1] Baldin A M, Giordenescu N, Zubarev V N, Ivanova L K, Moroz N S, Povtorelko A A, Radomanov V B, Stavinskil. Sov. J. Nucl. Phys., 1975, 20: 629[2] Sverker Fredriksson. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1980, 45: 1371[3] Schroeder L S, Chessin S A, Geaga J V, Grossiord J Y, Harris J W, Hendrie D L, Treuhaft R, van Bibber K. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1979, 43: 1787[4] Geaga J V, Chessin S A, Grossiord J Y, Harris J W, Hendrie D L, Schroeder L S, Treuhaft R N, van Bibber K. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1980, 45: 1993[5] El-Nadi M, Ali-Mossa N, Abdelsalam A. IL Nuovo Cimento A, 1998, 110: 1255[6] El-Nadi M, Abdelsalam A, Ali-Mossa N, Abou-Moussa Z, Kamel S, Abdel-Waged Kh, Osman W, Badawy B. Eur. Phys. J. A, 1998, 3: 183[7] El-Nadi M, Abdelsalam A, Ali-Mossa N, Abou-Moussa Z, Abdel-Waged Kh, Osman W, Badawy B. IL Nuovo Cimento A, 1998, 111: 1243[8] Abdelsalam A, Shaat E A, Ali-Mossa N, Abou-Mousa Z, Osman O M, Rashed N, Osman W, Badawy B M, El-Falaky E. J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., 2002, 28: 1375[9] Abdelsalam A, Badawy B M, El-Falaky E. Can. J. Phys., 2007, 85: 837[10] Abdelsalam A, El-Nagdy M S, Badawy B M. Can. J. Phys., 2011, 89: 261[11] Abdelsalam A, Badawy B M, Hafiz M E. Can. J. Phys., 2012, 90: 515[12] Abdelsalam A, Badawy B M, Hafiz M E. J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., 2012, 39: 105104[13] Benecke J, CHOU T T, YANG C N, YEN E. Phys. Rev., 1969, 188: 2159[14] Powell C F, Fowler F H, Perkins D H. The Study of Elementary Particles by The Photographic Method. Pergamon Press. London, New York, Paris, Los Angles, 1958. 474[15] Barkas H. Nuclear Research Emulsion, Vol. I, Technique and Theory Academic Press Inc., 1963[16] Dipak Ghosh, Argha Deb, Srimonti Dutta. Phys. Scr., 2009, 79: 025102[17] Dipak Ghosh, Argha Deb, Srimonti Dutta. FIZIKA B, 2007, 16: 67[18] Dipak Ghosh, Argha Deb, Srimonti Dutta. Can. J. Phys., 2009, 87: 311[19] Dipak Ghosh, Argha Deb, Ruma Saha, Rupa Das. Can. J. Phys., 2010, 88: 651[20] El-Naghy A et al. J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., 1988, 14: 1125[21] El-Nagdy M S, Abdelsalam A, Abou-Moussa Z, Badawy B M. Can. J. Phys., 2013, 91: 737[22] Barashenkov V S, Toneev V D. Interactions of High Energy Particles and Atomic Nuclei with Nuclei, Moskva, Adomizdat, 1972, 12: In Russian.[23] Florian J R et al. Report Submitted to the Meeting of Division of Particles and Fields, Berkeley, California. 1973[24] Abdelsalam A. JINR Report (Dubna), 1981, E1-81-623[25] Abdrahmanov E O et al. Z. Phys. C, 1980, 5: 1[26] EMU01 Collaboration; Lund University Report, Sweden, LUIP 8904, May 1989[27] Shmakov S Yu, Uzhinskii V V. Com. Phys. Comm., 1989, 54: 125[28] GAO Yan, LIU Fu-Hu, Abd Allah N N, Bekmirzaev R. Chinese Physics C, 2011, 35: 40[29] LI Jun-Sheng, ZHANG Dong-Hui, LIU Fu-Hu. Chinese Physics C, 2008, 32: 352[30] ZHANG Dong-Hai, ZHAO Hui-Hua, LIU Fang, HE Chun-Le, JIA Hui-Ming, LI Xue-Qin, LI Zhen-Ya, LI Jun-Sheng. Chinese Physics, 2006, 15: 1987
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B. M. Badawy. System size dependence in backward relativistic hadron production in pA and AA collisions[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2014, 38(11): 114001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/38/11/114001
B. M. Badawy. System size dependence in backward relativistic hadron production in pA and AA collisions[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2014, 38(11): 114001.  doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/38/11/114001 shu
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Received: 2013-12-04
Revised: 1900-01-01
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System size dependence in backward relativistic hadron production in pA and AA collisions

    Corresponding author: B. M. Badawy,
  • 1. Reactor Physics Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract: In this comprehensive study the multiplicity characteristics of the backward emitted relativistic hadron (shower particle) through hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus are overviewed in three dimensions. These dimensions are the projectile size, target size, and energy. To confirm the universality in this production system, wide ranges of system size and energy (Elab~ 2.1 A up to 200 A GeV) are used. The multiplicity characteristics of this hadron imply a limiting behavior with respect to the projectile size and energy. The target size is the main effective parameter in this production system. The exponential decay shapes is a characteristic feature of the backward shower particle multiplicity distributions. The decay constant changes with the target size to be nearly 2.02, 1.41, and 1.12 for the interactions with CNO, Em, and AgBr nuclei, respectively, irrespective of the projectile size and energy. While the backward production probability and average multiplicity are constants at different projectile sizes and energies, they can be correlated with the target size in power law relations.

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