• [1]

    . ZHANG Yi-Chen. The Technique of Electron Gun and Ion Beam. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2004. 49-57(in Chinese)(张以忱. 电子枪与离子束技术. 北京: 冶金工业出版社, 2004. 49—57)2. YU Qing-Chang. The Theory of High Current Ion Optics. Beijing: Atomic Energy Press, 1982. 75(in Chinese)(郁庆长. 强流离子光学原理. 北京: 原子能出版社, 1982. 75)3. Nagy G A, Szilagyi M (1974). Introduction to the Theory of Space-Charge Optics. Mo Yun-long et al. Beijing: Science Press, 1983. 118-127(in Chinese)(G. A. 纳吉, M. 西拉支(1974). 空间电荷光学导论. 莫云龙等. 北京: 科学出版社, 1983. 84-85 118-127)4. Pierce J R. J. Appl. Phys., 1940, 11: 548-5545. Daykin P N. Brit. J. Appl. Phys., 1954, 6(7): 248-2506. Radley D E. J. Electron. Control, 1958, 4(2): 125-148